Visiting the Paediatrician: Preventive Check-ups and Vaccinations in Germany

A warm welcome to Germany! For international professionals moving here with their families, the German healthcare system offers an excellent foundation for a healthy childhood. A central pillar of children’s health is the so-called “U-Untersuchungen” (U-screenings / preventive check-ups) as well as the recommended vaccinations. In this article, you will learn everything you need to know about these preventive check-ups in Germany to ensure your children have the best possible start in their new home. These visits are not about bureaucracy—they’re about your child’s wellbeing: these appointments help monitor your child’s physical and mental development early on and minimise health risks.

The “Gelbes Heft” (Yellow Booklet): Your Companion from the Start

If your child is born in Germany or if you move to Germany with young children, the “Gelbes Heft” (medical check-up booklet) is your most important document. It records all results of the U-screenings from birth until school age.

Why are the U-screenings so valuable?

These check-ups mark important milestones. The paediatrician (Kinderarzt) takes the time to:

Check age-appropriate development.
Conduct hearing and vision tests.
Answer questions regarding nutrition, sleep, and behaviour.
Identify any potential developmental delays early on so that support (e.g., speech therapy or physiotherapy) can be initiated in a timely manner.

The Schedule of U-screenings

In Germany, there is a structured sequence of appointments to support your child at every stage. Here is an overview of the stages:

U1 & U2 (The first days): Usually take place directly after birth in the hospital.
U3 to U6 (The first year of life): Regular checks take place during these first 12 months, focusing on motor skills, reflexes, and growth.
U7 & U7a (2nd to 3rd year of life): Here, the focus lies on language development and social interaction.
U8 & U9 (4th to 6th year of life): Preparation for school begins. The paediatrician checks whether your child is ready for this new stage of life.
U10 (7th to 8th year of life): This voluntary, additional screening focuses on the primary school years. Topics include learning and concentration disorders (such as ADHD) or difficulties with reading and writing. Please check whether your health insurance covers the costs for this.
U11 (9th to 10th year of life): This stage addresses the transition to secondary school. The doctor looks at media consumption, dental health, and the first signs of puberty. Please also check for the U11 screening whether your health insurance covers the costs.

Note for Expats: In some federal states, these examinations are mandatory or reminders are sent by the Youth Welfare Office (Jugendamt). However, it is best to view them as a valuable gift for your child’s health.

Protection through Vaccinations

In addition to physical checks, vaccinations are an essential part of prevention. In Germany, vaccination recommendations are issued by the Standing Committee on Vaccination (STIKO).

The aim is not to force anyone, but the protection of the most vulnerable members of our society and, of course, the protection of your own child against serious diseases such as:

Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR)
Tetanus, Diphtheria, Whooping Cough
Polio
Hepatitis B

Important to know:

Since 2020, the Measles Protection Act (Masernschutzgesetz) has been in force in Germany. If your child is to attend a childcare facility (Kita) or a school, proof of measles vaccination is required by law.

Tips for International Parents in Germany

Finding a paediatrician: Look for a “Kinderarzt” early. In metropolitan areas, practices can be full. Ask colleagues or use online portals.
Keep track of appointments: The time windows for U-screenings are quite narrow. Mark them in your calendar.
Language barriers: Many paediatricians in Germany speak fluent English. Do not hesitate to ask or bring someone along to translate.
Costs: For families with statutory or private health insurance, the costs for all U-screenings and STIKO vaccinations are usually covered in full.

Conclusion: A Healthy Foundation

Preventive screenings in Germany are a privilege that ensures no child “falls through the cracks.” It is a form of appreciation for the next generation. Use these appointments as an opportunity to exchange ideas with experts and enable your child to have a healthy, happy childhood in Germany.

Do you have questions about the healthcare system or are you looking for support with registering at a paediatric practice? Taunus Relocation Services will be happy to assist you.

Photo Credit: iStock-174787609